precipitation hardening
Precipitation Hardening is a heat treatment process that enhances the hardness and strength of a metal by forming fine particles within the metal matrix called precipitates. It achieves this without compromising toughness. 

Key Features:

  • Heat Treatment Stages: Solution treatment, quenching, and aging yield fine precipitates.
  • Strengthening: precipitation prevents dislocation movement and increases strength.
  • Permanent Strength: increases hardness and strength without rendering the metal brittle; maintains durability.

The crux of Precipitation Hardening generates materials that are stronger and tougher than mere mechanical properties would promise. The most common application areas are in aerospace, automotive, and defense industries. The process itself has become more efficient and reliable due to constant improvements in the compositions of alloys as well as heat treatment techniques.